加州大學洛杉磯分校(UCLA)的Marvin J. Rapaport教授也是致力治療外用類固醇引起Steroid addiction患者的皮膚科醫生。身兼皮膚科臨床教授和私家皮膚科診所醫生的Marvin J. Rapaport, MD能夠維持在比華利山開診所治療Steroid addiction有他成功的理由;比華利山本身屬高消費地區,而著名影城Hollywood就在貨比華利山附近,所以患者有不少都是明星和名人,屬於特別的消費群,與深谷元繼醫生和公立醫院的情況完全相反。
以下來介紹Marvin J. Rapaport, MD的有關“紅皮症”(Red burning skin syndrome)論文,他寫道“After extensive workup failed to reveal any relevant contact allergens, systemic etiology, or infectious pathogens, all corticosteroids were stopped. Patients were required to discontinue all corticosteroids both topical and systemic. Approximately 5% of the patients were either unwilling to accept the diagnosis of corticosteroid addiction, or, because their initial flares on steroid cessation were so severe, were unable to comply. All of the others, although frustrated, adhered to the regimen of corticosteroid abstinence. Previous attempts to taper systemic and topical corticosteroid in these patients had resulted in severe rebound; a great deal of support and “hand-holding” were necessary.”(經過徹底檢查而排除了任何與接觸性致敏物,全身疾患,感染性病原菌有關的可能性之後停止了在患者身上使用任何皮質類固醇。停止一切包括外用和全身性[內服與經脈注射]皮質類固醇的患者中,大約有5%的患者不接受(不相信)他們被診斷為“皮質類固醇癮”或因最初停止使用皮質類固醇後出現嚴重Rebound症狀而沒有完成戒斷療程;雖然過程艱辛,但其餘患者能夠成功堅持和渡過禁用皮質類固醇的治療方案。以往為患者們逐漸減少外用與全身性皮質類固醇的嘗試中,始終無法避免嚴重的Rebound症狀,並且對患者的極大關懷和支援絕不可缺少。)
為了與從事同類工作的醫生交流,其實深谷元繼醫生在休養期間拜訪過Marvin J. Rapaport教授,所以也知道Marvin J. Rapaport教授為甚麼會集中照料Steroid addiction患者的原因。論文繼續寫道“Post-Peel (Laser) Erythema Syndrome-We recently reported 12 patients who developed persistent facial erythema after phenol peel or laser resurfacing for aging skin. Three patients had used topicalcorticosteroids before the procedure for atopic or seborrheic dermatitis, and one had used a super potent corticosteroid cream for 10 years for chronic eyelid dermatitis. This latter patient also applied the same preparation to the vaginal and anal areas for 8 years and developed a severe flare in these areas when corticosteroids were stopped.”(激光換膚後紅斑綜合症-近期對12位做完苯酚換膚[Peeling]或激光換膚療程患者在療程後出現頑固面部紅斑的現象作出了有關報告。期中3位患者在療程前有曾經使用外用皮質類固醇控制異位性皮炎或脂溢性皮炎的經歷,而另有一位患者曾經使用強力皮質類固醇藥膏控制慢性眼瞼皮炎達10年。這一位患者並在陰道部位和肛門部位也曾經使用同樣藥膏達8年而停止使用皮質類固醇後在上述部位觀察到嚴重紅腫現象。)
深谷元繼醫生認為上述論文指患者在接受Peeling療程前已經處於Steroid addiction的狀態,但因療程需要而中斷類固醇的使用或改用較溫和類固醇,結果引起了Rebound症狀。論文繼續寫道“In recent years, corticosteroids have often been prescribed after resurfacing procedures to prevent hypertrophic scarring. Maloney et al used corticosteroids in all postlaser patients. Erythema was seen for up to 1 year in some of their patients. Reviews of laser resurfacing describe prolonged erythema as a fairly common complication of the procedure and suggest that preoperative hydroquinone, tretinoin application, multiple laser passes, and postoperative dressings are the probable causes. The atopic individuals in our series had the most difficult and protracted courses after steroid cessation, whereas non atopic individuals usually cleared within 2 to 3 months. Patients undergoing resurfacing procedures should be questioned about prior steroid usage on the face since they may be more likely to develop persistent erythema after the procedure.”(近年來,換膚療程後處方皮質類固醇以防產生肥厚性疤痕的做法非常普遍。Maloney氏等醫生在上述激光療程後,對所有患者均有處方皮質類固醇。因而產生的紅斑在部分患者身上持續1整年。對患者於激光換膚療程後的評估中也提到長期持續性紅斑為常見並發症,並有暗示療程前的Hydroquinone[對苯二酚]和 Tretinoin[維甲酸]的使用,過往多次的激光換膚療程和療程完畢後使用的敷料可能是紅斑的成因。我們的報告中顯示,異位性皮炎患者停用類固醇後產生的紅斑持續性強,而且難於醫治,但於非異位性皮炎患者,紅斑通常在2-3個月後便會消失。由於上述療程後產生持續性紅斑的可能性大,因此患者應在療程前表明是否曾於面部使用類固醇。)
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